Shoulder Replacement

What is Shoulder Replacement?

Shoulder replacement surgery, or shoulder arthroplasty, is a procedure where damaged parts of the shoulder joint are replaced with artificial components. It is performed to relieve pain and restore mobility in patients with severe shoulder joint conditions.

Indications

Osteoarthritis
Rheumatoid arthritis
Post-traumatic arthritis
Rotator cuff tear arthropathy
Avascular necrosis
Severe fractures of the shoulder

Types of Shoulder Replacement

1. Total Shoulder Replacement

Replaces both the ball (humeral head) and socket (glenoid)
Most common type

2. Partial Shoulder Replacement (Hemiarthroplasty)

Only the ball is replaced
Suitable for specific fractures

3. Reverse Shoulder Replacement

Ball and socket positions are switched
Used in severe rotator cuff damage or failed previous surgeries

Pre-Surgical Evaluation

Medical history and physical exam
X-rays, CT, or MRI
Blood tests and anesthesia clearance

Surgical Procedure

Performed under general or regional anesthesia
Incision made in the front or top of shoulder
Damaged bone and cartilage are removed
Prosthetic components implanted and secured
Soft tissues and muscles are repositioned

Duration: 1.5–3 hours

Recovery and Rehabilitation

Hospital stay: 1–3 days
Arm immobilized in a sling
Pain managed with medications
Physical therapy begins within a few days
Gradual return to daily activities over weeks

Recovery Timeline

Light activities: 4–6 weeks
Full recovery: 3–6 months
Strength and range of motion improve with physiotherapy

Risks and Complications

Infection
Blood clots
Nerve or vessel injury
Joint instability
Implant loosening or wear
Reduced range of motion

Long-Term Outcomes

Pain relief
Improved joint function
Enhanced quality of life
Implants last 10–20 years with proper care

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: Who is eligible for shoulder replacement?
A: Individuals with severe pain, joint damage, or loss of mobility unresponsive to non-surgical treatments.

Q: Can both shoulders be replaced?
A: Yes, but typically done in stages, not simultaneously.

Q: Is reverse shoulder replacement safe?
A: Yes, especially in cases with torn rotator cuffs or failed previous surgeries.

Q: When can I resume driving?
A: Usually 6–8 weeks post-op, depending on recovery and mobility.

Q: Can I lift weights after surgery?
A: Heavy lifting should be avoided; light resistance may be allowed after full recovery.

Q: Are there alternatives to surgery?
A: Medications, injections, and physiotherapy may help in early stages.

Q: Is shoulder replacement covered by insurance?
A: Usually, yes—if deemed medically necessary.