RIRS Surgery (Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery)

What is RIRS?

RIRS, or Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery, is a minimally invasive procedure used to remove kidney stones or treat other kidney disorders. It involves passing a flexible ureteroscope through the urinary tract to access the kidney without making any cuts or incisions.

Conditions Treated with RIRS

• Kidney stones
• Kidney tumors
• Narrowing in the renal pelvis or calyces
• Biopsies of abnormal growths

Why is RIRS Performed?

RIRS is typically recommended when:

• Stones are too large for ESWL (Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy)
• Stones remain after PCNL or other treatments
• Stones are located in hard-to-reach kidney areas
• Patient has bleeding disorders or obesity (where other procedures may be risky)

Procedure

• Performed under general anesthesia
• Ureteroscope is inserted through the urethra, bladder, and ureter to reach the kidney
• Laser is used to break the stone into small fragments
• Fragments are flushed out or retrieved with a basket
• A temporary DJ stent may be placed to ensure drainage

Duration: 1–2 hours

Advantages of RIRS

• No incisions or scars
• Safe for high-risk patients
• Shorter recovery time
• Minimal blood loss
• Less postoperative pain
• Can treat stones in all kidney parts

Postoperative Care

• Hospital stay: 1–2 days
• Resume routine activities in 3–5 days
• DJ stent is removed after 1–2 weeks
• Drink plenty of fluids
• Avoid heavy physical activity temporarily
• Follow-up imaging to confirm clearance

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Frequently Asked Questions

Q: Is RIRS painful?
A: Done under anesthesia. Mild discomfort or burning sensation may occur post-procedure.

Q: How effective is RIRS?
A: High success rate, especially for stones <2 cm.

Q: Can RIRS be done multiple times?
A: Yes, if needed based on stone size and recurrence.

Q: Are there any complications?
A: Rare risks include infection, bleeding, stent discomfort, or ureter injury.

Q: How soon can I return to work?
A: Most patients resume light activities within a few days.