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Rheumatoid Arthritis Treatment

Rheumatoid Arthritis Treatment

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disorder that affects the joints and necessitates customized treatment strategies at various stages of the disease. It is essential to comprehend the available treatment options, while also being aware of the financial considerations involved.

Although there is currently no cure for RA, several treatment modalities exist to alleviate symptoms and decelerate the disease’s progression. These options encompass medications, physical therapy, and surgical interventions.

Factors that can Affect Rheumatoid Arthritis Cost in India

Key factors that can affect the cost of Rheumatoid Arthritis in India:

  • Disease progression
  • Medications (NSAIDs, corticosteroids, DMARDs, biologics)
  • Hospitalization
  • Additional Procedures

What is Rheumatoid Arthritis?

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a long-lasting autoimmune condition characterized by joint inflammation. In addition to the joints, it may also impact various other organs, including the heart, lungs, and eyes. This condition predominantly affects women and individuals aged 40 and above.

What is the Symptoms of Rheumatoid Arthritis?

  • Discomfort, rigidity, and inflammation in the joints (hands, wrists, feet)
  • Tiredness and a sense of weakness
  • Elevated body temperature and decreased appetite
  • Joint malformation and restricted mobility
  • Weight reduction and anemia

What Cause Rheumatoid Arthritis?

Rheumatoid arthritis is classified as an autoimmune disorder. The immune system mistakenly targets healthy joint tissue, leading to inflammation. There may be a genetic influence, and environmental triggers such as viruses and bacteria may initiate the disease.

What are the Different Stages of Rheumatoid Arthritis?

Stage 1 (Early-Stage RA)

  • Inflammation occurs within the joint.
  • Symptoms may be subtle (pain, stiffness, swelling).
  • Early diagnosis is crucial for remission.

Stage 2 (Moderate-Stage RA)

  • Inflammation causes damage to cartilage and bone.
  • Pain, loss of mobility, and restricted motion.
  • Diagnosis requires both symptoms and lab tests.

Stage 3 (Severe RA)

  • Significant cartilage and bone damage.
  • Increased pain, swelling, muscle weakness, and mobility loss.
  • Deformed fingers, enlarged knuckles, and tendon complications.

Stage 4 (End-Stage RA)

  • No ongoing inflammation but severely impaired joint function.
  • Chronic pain, stiffness, swelling, loss of mobility.
  • May result in ankylosis and irreversible joint damage.

How Rheumatoid Arthritis is Diagnosed?

  • Physical examination (fluid accumulation, redness, joint movement).
  • Joint blood/fluid sampling.
  • Imaging: X-rays, MRIs, CT scans.
  • Rule out bone spurs.
  • Surgery may be advised if medications fail.

What are the Different Treatments for Rheumatoid Arthritis?

Medications

  • NSAIDs: Reduce pain and inflammation.
  • Corticosteroids: Slow joint damage (short-term use).
  • DMARDs: Methotrexate, hydroxychloroquine to slow disease.
  • Biologics: Target immune system pathways (e.g., Humira, Enbrel).

Occupational Therapy

  • Help manage daily tasks with less discomfort.
  • Use of assistive devices and joint protection strategies.

Surgery (For Severe RA)

  • Arthroscopy: Remove damaged tissue.
  • Nerve Release: Relieve pressure on nerves.
  • Synovectomy: Remove diseased joint lining.
  • Hand and Wrist Surgery: Repair tendons/ligaments.
  • Arthroplasty: Joint replacement or reconstruction.

Risk Factors of Rheumatoid Arthritis

  • Gender: Women are at higher risk.
  • Age: Most common between 40–60 years.
  • Obesity: Increases limb strain.
  • Smoking: Raises RA risk and severity.
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