Renal Angiography

What is Renal Angiography?

Renal angiography, also known as renal arteriography, is a medical imaging technique used to visualize the blood vessels of the kidneys. It helps identify:

Blockages
Narrowed arteries
Aneurysms
Tumors
Vascular malformations

This procedure is both diagnostic and therapeutic.

Why is Renal Angiography Performed?

Renal angiography is used when other imaging tests (like ultrasound, CT, or MRI) do not provide sufficient detail. It is often performed to:

Evaluate high blood pressure (especially in young patients)
Investigate hematuria (blood in urine)
Assess kidney tumors
Plan for kidney transplant or surgery
Examine renal artery stenosis or aneurysms

Procedure

Performed in a hospital’s catheterization lab
Patient lies on an X-ray table
Local anesthesia is given to numb the area (usually groin)
A catheter is inserted into a blood vessel and guided to the renal arteries
Contrast dye is injected to make the arteries visible on X-ray
Images are taken in real-time using fluoroscopy
Procedure lasts 1–2 hours

After the Procedure

Patient must lie flat for a few hours
Pressure applied to the puncture site to prevent bleeding
Hydration encouraged to flush out contrast dye
Monitor for signs of allergic reaction or bleeding

Benefits

Accurate visualization of renal vasculature
Can be combined with angioplasty or stenting if needed
Assists in diagnosis of secondary hypertension

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: Is renal angiography painful?
A: The procedure is mostly painless. You may feel pressure during catheter insertion and a warm sensation from the dye.

Q: What are the risks?
A: Rare risks include bleeding, infection, allergic reaction to dye, kidney damage (in those with preexisting kidney issues), or blood vessel injury.

Q: Can I eat before the test?
A: Usually, fasting for 6–8 hours before the procedure is required.

Q: How long is the hospital stay?
A: Typically a same-day procedure unless complications arise.

Q: Is it safe for people with kidney disease?
A: Special precautions are taken; hydration and medication may be used to minimize contrast-related risks.